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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00244_Field_244.txt
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1996-12-31
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Other evidence is less direct.
If fatigue is cumulative rather
than quickly dissipated, a
subject shown an ambiguous
figure A--B that can be
perceived as either A or B
should, after a number of
previous reversals, switch
between A and B with
increasing rapidity. Such
acceleration of the rate of
reversal has been reported by
many investigators.
There are several reasons to
be skeptical of the satiation
theory, however. Among them
is that reversal often fails to
occur if the subject does not
realize that the figure is
ambiguous. Ordinarily, in
experiments on reversal, the
subject is first shown the figure
and told (or shown) the two
different ways in which it can
be seen. Then the ambiguous
figure is presented
continuously, and the subject
is instructed to respond every
time it is perceived to reverse.
Since the investigators want to
study perceptual reversal, it is
natural enough that they first
make sure the subject knows
what the alternatives are. But
giving subjects such
information not only
establishes the alternatives in
the memory of the subject. It
may also create what
psychologists call a "demand
character" in the experiment--
the subject assumes that
reversal is what is expected.